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The psychology book

All the big ideas, simply explained - an innovative and accessible guide to the study of human nature The Psychology Book clearly explains more than 100 groundbreaking ideas in this fascinating field of science.

Corporate Authors: DK Publishing, Inc.
Other Authors: Collin, Catherine (Clinical psychologist) (Contributor)
Format: Books Print Book
Language: English
Published: New York, New York : DK Publishing, 2017.
Edition: Revised First American edition.
Series: Big ideas simply explained.
Subjects:
Psychology.
Psychologists > Biography.
Psychology > History.
Table of Contents:
  • Philosophical roots : Psychology in the making
  • The four temperaments of personality /
  • Galen
  • There is a reasoning soul in this machine /
  • Descartes
  • Dormez! /
  • Abbé Faria
  • Concepts become forces when they resist one another /
  • Johann Friedrich Herbart
  • Be that self which one truly is /
  • Søren Kierkegaard
  • Personality is composed of nature and nurture /
  • Francis Galton
  • The laws of hysteria are universal / Jean-Martin Charcot
  • A peculiar destruction of the internal connections of the psyche /
  • Emil Kraepelin
  • The beginnings of the mental life date from the beginnings of life /
  • Wilhelm Wundt
  • We know the meaning of "consciousness" so long as no one asks us to define it /
  • William James
  • Adolescence is a new birth /
  • G. Stanley Hall
  • 24 hours after learning something, we forget two-thirds of it /
  • Hermann Ebbinghaus
  • The intelligence of an individual is not a fixed quantity /
  • Alfred Binet
  • The unconscious sees the men behind the curtains /
  • Pierre Janet
  • Behaviorism : Responding to our environment
  • The sight of tasty food makes a hungry man's mouth water /
  • Ivan Pavlov
  • Profitless acts are stamped out /
  • Edward Thorndike
  • Anyone, regardless of their nature, can be trained to be anything /
  • John B. Watson
  • That great God-given maze which is our human world /
  • Edward Tolman
  • Once a rat has visited our grain sack we can plan on its return /
  • Edwin Guthrie
  • Nothing is more natural that for the cat to "love" the rat /
  • Zing-Yang Kuo
  • Learning is just not possible /
  • Karl Lashley
  • Imprinting cannot be forgotten! /
  • Konrad Lorenz
  • Behavior is shaped by positive and negative reinforcement /
  • B.F. Skinner
  • Stop imagining the scene and relax /
  • Joseph Wolpe
  • Psychotherapy : The unconscious determines behavior
  • The unconscious is the true psychical reality /
  • Sigmund Freud
  • The neurotic carries a feeling of inferiority with him constantly /
  • Alfred Adler
  • The collective unconscious is made up of archetypes /
  • Carl Jung
  • The struggle between the life and death instincts persists throughout life /
  • Melanie Klein
  • The tyranny of the "shoulds" /
  • Karen Horney
  • The superego becomes clear only when it confronts the ego with hostility /
  • Anna Freud
  • Truth can be tolerated only if you discover it yourself /
  • Fritz Perls
  • It is notoriously inadequate to take an adopted child into one's home and love him /
  • Donald Winnicott
  • The unconscious is the discourse of the other /
  • Jacques Lacan
  • Man's main task is to give birth to himself /
  • Erich Fromm
  • The good life is a process not a state of being /
  • Carl Rogers
  • What a man can be, he must be /
  • Abraham Maslow
  • Suffering ceases to be suffering at the moment it finds a meaning /
  • Viktor Frankl
  • One does not become fully human painlessly /
  • Rollo May
  • Rational beliefs create healthy emotional consequences /
  • Albert Ellis
  • The family is the "factory" where people are made /
  • Virginia Satir
  • Turn on, tune in, drop out /
  • Timothy Leary
  • Insight may cause blindness /
  • Paul Watzlawick
  • Madness need not be all breakdown. It may also be break-through /
  • R.D. Laing
  • Our history does not determine our destiny /
  • Boris Cyrulnik
  • Only good people get depressed /
  • Dorothy Rowe
  • Fathers are subject to a rule of silence /
  • Guy Corneau.
  • Cognitive psychology : The calculating brain
  • Instinct is a dynamic pattern /
  • Wolfgang Köhler
  • Interruption of a task greatly improves its chances of being remembered /
  • Bluma Zeigarnik
  • When a baby hears footsteps, an assembly is excited /
  • Donald Hebb
  • Knowing is a process not a product /
  • Jerome Bruner
  • A man with conviction is a hard man to change /
  • Leon Festinger
  • The magical number 7, plus or minus 2 /
  • George Armitage Miller
  • There's more to the surface than meets the eye /
  • Aaron Beck
  • We can listen to only one voice at once /
  • Donald Broadbent
  • Time's arrow is bent into a loop /
  • Endel Tulving
  • Perception is externally guided hallucination /
  • Roger N. Shepard
  • We are constantly on the lookout for causal connections /
  • Daniel Kahneman
  • Events and emotion are stored in memory together /
  • Gordon H. Bower
  • Emotions are a runaway train /
  • Paul Ekman
  • Ecstasy is a step into an alternative reality /
  • Mihály Csíkszentmihályi
  • Happy people are extremely social /
  • Martin Seligman
  • What we believe with all our hearts is not necessarily the truth /
  • Elizabeth Loftus
  • The seven sins of memory /
  • Daniel Schacter
  • One is not one's thoughts /
  • Jon Kabat-Zinn
  • The fear is that biology will debunk all that we hold sacred /
  • Steven Pinker
  • Compulsive behavior rituals are attempts to control intrusive thoughts /
  • Paul Salkovskis
  • Social psychology : Being in a world of others
  • You cannot understand a system until you try to change it /
  • Kurt Lewin
  • How strong is the urge toward social conformity? /
  • Solomon Asch
  • Life is a dramatically enacted thing /
  • Erving Goffman
  • The more you see it, the more you like it /
  • Robert Zajonc
  • Who likes competent women? /
  • Janet Taylor Spence
  • Flashbulb memories are fired by events of high emotionality /
  • Roger Brown
  • The goal is not to advance knowledge, but to be in the know /
  • Serge Moscovici
  • We are, by nature, social beings /
  • William Glasser
  • We believe people get what they deserve /
  • Melvin Lerner
  • People who do crazy things are not necessarily crazy /
  • Elliot Aronson
  • People do what they are told to do /
  • Stanley Milgram
  • What happens when you put good people in an evil place? /
  • Philip Zimbardo
  • Trauma must be understood in terms of the relationship between the individual and society /
  • Ignacio Martín-Baró
  • Developmental philosophy : From infant to adult
  • The goal of education is to create men and women who are capable of doing new things /
  • Jean Piaget
  • We become ourselves through others /
  • Lev Vygotsky
  • A child is not beholden to any particular parent /
  • Bruno Bettelheim
  • Anything that grows has a ground plan /
  • Erik Erikson
  • Early emotional bonds are an integral part of human nature /
  • John Bowlby
  • Contact comfort is overwhelmingly important /
  • Harry Harlow
  • We prepare children for a life about whose course we know nothing /
  • Franc̦oise Dolto
  • A sensitive mother creates a secure attachment /
  • Mary Ainsworth
  • Who teaches a child to hate and fear a member of another race? /
  • Kenneth Clark
  • Girls get better grades than boys /
  • Eleanor E. Maccoby
  • Most human behavior is learned through modeling /
  • Albert Bandura
  • Morality develops in six stages /
  • Lawrence Kohlberg
  • The language organ grows like any other body organ /
  • Noam Chomsky
  • Autism is an extreme form of the male brain /
  • Simon Baron-Cohen
  • Psychology of difference : Personality and intelligence
  • Name as many uses as you can think of for a toothpick /
  • J.P. Guilford
  • Did Robinson Crusoe lack personality traits before the advent of Friday? /
  • Gordon Allport
  • General intelligence consists of both fluid and crystallized intelligence /
  • Raymond Cattell
  • There is an association between insanity and genius /
  • Hans J. Eysenck
  • Three key motivations drive performance /
  • David C. McClelland
  • Emotion is an essentially unconscious process /
  • Nico Frijda
  • Behavior without environmental cues would be absurdly chaotic /
  • Walter Mischel
  • We cannot distinguish the sane from the insane in psychiatric hospitals /
  • David Rosenhan
  • The three faces of Eve /
  • Thigpen & Cleckley.
  • Introduction
  • Philosophical roots: psychology in the making
  • Behaviorism: responding to our environment
  • Psychotherapy: the unconscious determines behavior
  • Cognitive psychology: the calculating brain
  • Social psychology: being in a world of others
  • Developmental philosophy: from infant to adult
  • Psychology of difference: personality and intelligence.

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